Build Stack Review — Page 7

Regulators now mandate automated SBOM generation at every build, not just at release time.

NIST's layered framework assigns different guidance to procurement, engineering, and pipeline teams.

A graduated security framework that establishes build integrity through provenance.

Attacks have doubled in frequency and shifted to harder-to-detect vectors.

SLSA provides cryptographic proof of how software artifacts were built and where they came from.

Environmental variance, not test code, causes half of modern flaky tests.

Reproducibility and provenance attestation address different supply chain vulnerabilities.

Lockfiles and hashes pin dependencies, but environment drift still breaks reproducibility.

Integration discipline separates successful platforms from collections of disconnected tools.

Malicious npm packages grew 73% in 2025, exploiting developer trust and automation at scale.